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VIC Year 12 Specialist (Units 3 and 4) Mathematics

# TOPIC TITLE
1 Study Plan Study plan – Year 12
Objective: On completion of the course formative assessment a tailored study plan is created identifying the lessons requiring revision.
2 Geometry-angles Measuring angles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to measure any angle between 0 and 360 degrees using a protractor, and identify what type of angle it is.
3 Geometry-angles Adjacent angles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to understand the parts of an angle, what adjacent angles are and how they are used to solve simple angle problems.
4 Geometry-angles Complementary and supplementary angles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify Complementary and Supplementary Angles and use this knowledge to solve simple geometric angle problems.
5 Geometry-angles Vertically opposite angles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify Vertically Opposite Angles and use this knowledge to solve simple geometric angle problems.
6 Geometry-angles Angles at a Point.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify Angles at a Point and use this knowledge and other angles concepts to solve simple geometric angle problems.
7 Geometry-angles Parallel Lines.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify corresponding, co-interior and alternate angles.
8 Geometry-problems Additional questions involving parallel lines
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to complete two step parallel line questions, and identify other ways to solve them.
9 Geometry-triangles Angle sum of a triangle
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify and use the angle sum of a triangle theorem to solve geometric problems.
10 Geometry-triangles Exterior angle theorem
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify and use the exterior angle of a triangle theorem to solve geometric questions.
11 Special triangles Special triangles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify an equilateral and an isosceles triangle and solve geometry questions involving these triangles.
12 Geometry-quadrilaterals Quadrilaterals
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to find missing angles by using the fact that a quadrilateral’s angle sum is 360 degrees.
13 Geometry-constructions Geometric constructions
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able complete constructions with a ruler and a pair of compasses.
14 Geometry To identify collinear points, coplanar lines and points in 2 and 3 dimensions
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use correct terms to describe points, lines, intervals and rays.
15 Geometry – angles To determine angle labelling rules, naming angles according to size, angle bisector properties and related algebra
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will label angles, use a protractor and perform calculations using algebra involving angles.
16 Geometry-constructions Angle bisector construction and its properties (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to bisect an angle using a pair of compasses and a straight edge.
17 Geometry-constructions Circumcentre and incentre (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able geometrically construct the circumcentre and incentre for a triangle and to use Pythagoras’ Theorem to calculate values.
18 Geometry-constructions Orthocentre and centroids (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able geometrically construct the orthocentre and centroid for a triangle and to use algebra to calculate values.
19 Geometry-quadrilaterals Midsegments of Triangles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to use coordinate geometry to apply the midsegment properties of a triangle.
20 Geometry-quadrilaterals Classifying Quadrilaterals
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will understand the properties that classify quadrilaterals.
21 Geometry-quadrilaterals Using the Properties of a Parallelogram
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to use and prove the properties of a parallelogram.
22 Geometry-quadrilaterals Proving a Shape is a Parallelogram
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to use properties to prove a given quadrilateral is a parallelogram.
23 Geometry-quadrilaterals Properties of the Rectangle, Square and Rhombus
Objective: On completion of this lesson students will be able to use the properties of the rectangle, square and rhombus for formal proofs and to find values.
24 Geometry-quadrilaterals Properties of the Trapezium and Kite
Objective: On completion of this lesson students will be able to use the properties of the trapezium and kite for formal proofs and to find values.
25 Geometry-quadrilaterals The quadrilateral family and coordinate methods in geometry
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will know the relationships between quadrilaterals and use coordinate methods to prove some of the properties.
26 Geometry-locus Constructions and loci – single condition
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the term locus and describe several using a single condition.
27 Geometry-locus Constructions and loci – multiple conditions
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will describe a locus that satisfies multiple conditions on a number plane.
28 Geometry problems More difficult exercises involving parallel lines
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will able to identify corresponding, co-interior and alternate angles in questions that are more difficult than previously completed. Students will also learn to use other geometric properties as well as set out log
29 Geometry-reasoning Further difficult exercises involving formal reasoning
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify which geometric properties are needed to complete a question and be able to use formal reasoning to write out this information.
30 Geometry-polygons Angles of regular polygons
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify and use the angle sum of a polygon formula, and understand that the external angles of a polygon add up to 360 degrees.
31 Geometry-congruence Congruent triangles, Test 1 and 2
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify which test to use to show two triangles are congruent.
32 Geometry-congruence Congruent triangles, Test 3 and 4
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify other tests to use to show two triangles are congruent.
33 Geometry-congruence Proofs and congruent triangles.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to set out a formal proof to show that two triangles are congruent.
34 Similar triangles Similar triangles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify which test to use to show two triangles are similar.
35 Similar triangles Using similar triangles to calculate lengths
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to calculate lengths using similar triangles.
36 Overlapping triangles Examples involving overlapping triangles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to calculate unknown sides in overlapping or adjacent similar triangles.
37 Geometry – triangles Triangle inequality theorem
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand and use the triangle inequality theorem.
38 Circle Geometry Theorem – Equal arcs on circles of equal radii subtend equal angles at the centre. Theorem – Equal angles at the centre of a circle on equal arcs.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘Equal arcs on circles of equal radii, subtend equal angles at the centre’, and that ‘Equal angles at the centre of a circle stand on equal arcs.’ They should then be able to use these pro
39 Circle Geometry Theorem – The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord. Theorem – The line from the centre of a circle to the mid-point of the chord is perpendicular to the chord.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘The perpendicular from the centre of a circle to a chord bisects the chord.’ and its converse theorem ‘The line from the centre of a circle to the mid-point of the chord is perpendicular’
40 Circle Geometry Theorem – Equal chords in equal circles are equidistant from the centres. Theorem – Chords in a circle which are equidistant from the centre are equal.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that equal chords in equal circles are equidistant from the centre.
41 Circle Geometry Theorem – The angle at the centre of a circle is double the angle at the circumference standing on the same arc.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the angle at the centre of a circle is double the angle at the circumference standing on the same arc.
42 Circle Geometry Theorem – Angles in the same segment of a circle are equal.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the angles in the same segment are equal.
43 Circle Geometry Theorem – The angle of a semi-circle is a right angle.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘The angle of a semi-circle is a right-angle.’
44 Circle Geometry Theorem – The opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the opposite angles of a cyclic quadrilateral are supplementary.
45 Circle Geometry Theorem – The exterior angle at a vertex of a cyclic quadrilateral equals the interior opposite angle.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the exterior angle at a vertex of a cyclic quadrilateral equals the interior opposite.
46 Circle Geometry Theorem – The tangent to a circle is perpendicular to the radius drawn to it at the point of contact.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the tangent and the radius of a circle are perpendicular at the point of contact.
47 Circle Geometry Theorem – Tangents to a circle from an external point are equal.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that tangents to a circle from an external point are equal.
48 Circle Geometry Theorem – The angle between a tangent and a chord through the point of contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that the angle between a tangent and a chord through the point of contact is equal to the angle in the alternate segment.
49 Circle Geometry-chords Theorem – The products of the intercepts of two intersecting chords are equal.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘The product of the intercepts of two intersecting chords are equal.’, and use this result to complete questions that require this knowledge.
50 Circle Geometry-tangents Theorem – The square of the length of the tangent from an external point is equal to the product of the intercepts of the secant passing through this point. [Including Alternate Proof]
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove and apply ‘The square of the length of the tangent from an external point is equal to the product of the intercepts of the secant passing through this point ‘, and use this result to complete q
51 Circle Geometry-cyclic quads Theorem – If the opposite angles in a quadrilateral are supplementary then the quadrilateral is cyclic.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that a quadrilateral is cyclic using the supplementary angles theorem.
52 Circle Geometry-subtending Theorem – If an interval subtends equal angles at two points on the same side of it, then the end points of the interval and the two points are concyclic.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘ If an interval subtends equal angles at two points on the same side of it, then the end points of the interval and the two points are concyclic’, and use this result to complete the ques
53 Circle Geometry Theorem – When circles touch, the line of the centres passes through the point of contact.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘ When two circles touch, the line of the centres passes through the point of contact’, and use this result to complete questions that require it.
54 Circle Geometry-non-collinear Theorem – Any three non-collinear points lie on a unique circle whose centre is the point of concurrency of the perpendicular bisectors of the intervals joining these points.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to prove that ‘ Any three non-collinear points lie on a unique circle whose centre is the point of concurrency of the perpendicular bisectors of the intervals joining these points’, and use this knowled
55 Graphing-polynomials Graphing complex polynomials: quadratics with no real roots
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to determine whether a quadratic has real or complex roots and then graph it.
56 Graphing-polynomials General equation of a circle: determine and graph the equation
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to solve these types of problems. Working with circles will also help the student in the topic of circle geometry, which tests the student’s skills in logic and reasoning.
57 Graphing-cubic curves Graphing cubic curves
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to graph a cubic given its equation or derive the equation of a cubic given its graph or other relevant information.
58 Absolute value equations Absolute value equations
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to relate to graphs involving the absolute value function. The student will be capable of graphing the function given its equation and be able to solve for the intersection of an absolute value functio
59 Rect.hyperbola The rectangular hyperbola.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to analyse and graph a rectangular hyperbola and describe its important features.
60 Exponential function The exponential function.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to graph any equation in the form y equals a to the power x, where a is any positive real number apart from 1.
61 Log functions Logarithmic functions.
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to define basic logarithmic functions and describe the relationship between logarithms and exponents including graph logarithmic functions. The student will understand the relationship between logarit
62 Conic sections Introduction to conic sections and their general equation
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will identify the conic section from the coefficients of the equation.
63 Conic sections The parabola x. = 4ay
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will identify the focus and directrix for a parabola given in standard form.
64 Conic sections Circles
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will identify the radius of a circle given in standard form.
65 Conic sections Ellipses
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will identify focus, vertices and axes of an ellipse.
66 Conic sections Hyperbola
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will identify focus, vertices, axes and asymptotes of a hyperbola.
67 Sequences and Series General sequences.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to work out a formula from a given number pattern and then be able to find particular terms of that sequence using the formula.
68 Sequences and Series Finding Tn given Sn.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the concept that the sum of n terms of a series minus the sum of n minus one terms will yield the nth term.
69 Arithmetic Progression The arithmetic progression
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to test if a given sequence is an Arithmetic Progression or not and be capable of finding a formula for the nth term, find any term in the A.P. and to solve problems involving these concepts.
70 Arithmetic Progression Finding the position of a term in an A.P.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to solve many problems involving finding terms of an Arithmetic Progression.
71 Arithmetic Progression Given two terms of A.P., find the sequence.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to find any term of an Arithmetic Progression when given two terms
72 Arithmetic Progression Arithmetic means
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to make an arithmetic progression between two given terms. This could involve finding one, two, or even larger number of arithmetic means.
73 Arithmetic Progression The sum to n terms of an A.P.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the formulas for the sum of an Arithmetic Progression and how to use them in solving problems.
74 Geometric Progression The geometric progression.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to test if a given sequence is a Geometric Progression or not and be capable of finding a formula for the nth term, find any term in the G.P. and to solve problems involving these concepts.
75 Geometric Progression Finding the position of a term in a G.P.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand how to find terms in a geometric progression and how to apply it different types of problems.
76 Geometric Progression Given two terms of G.P., find the sequence.
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to solve all problems involving finding the common ratio of a Geometric Progression.
77 Sequences and Series-Geometric means Geometric means.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to make a geometric progression between two given terms. This could involve finding one, two, or even larger number of geometric means.
78 Sequences and Series-Sum of gp The sum to n terms of a G.P.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the formulas and how to use them to solve problems in summing terms of a Geometric Progression (G.P).
79 Sequences and Series-Sigma notation Sigma notation
Objective: On completion of the G.P. lesson the student will be familiar with the sigma notation and how it operates.
80 Sequences and Series-Sum-infinity Limiting sum or sum to infinity.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will have learnt the formula for the limiting sum of a G.P., the conditions for it to exist and how to apply it to particular problems.
81 Sequences and Series-Recurring decimal infinity Recurring decimals and the infinite G.P.
Objective: On completion of the G.P. lesson the student will have understood how to convert any recurring decimal to a rational number.
82 Sequences and Series-Compound interest Compound interest
Objective: On completion of the G.P. lesson the student will understand the compound interest formula and how to use it and adjust the values of r and n, if required, for different compounding periods.
83 Sequences and Series-Superannuation Superannuation.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the method of finding the accumulated amount of a superannuation investment using the sum formula for a G.P.
84 Sequences and Series-Time payments Time payments.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will have examined examples carefully and be capable of setting out the long method of calculating a regular payment for a reducible interest loan.
85 Sequences and Series Applications of arithmetic sequences
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be capable of problems involving practical situations with arithmetic series.
86 Logarithms-Complex numbers Imaginary numbers and standard form
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use the a+bi form of complex numbers for addition and subtraction.
87 Logarithms-Complex numbers Complex numbers – multiplication and division
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use the a+bi form of complex numbers for multiplication and division.
88 Logarithms-Complex numbers Plotting complex number and graphical representation
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use the argand diagram to assist in the addition and subtraction of complex numbers.
89 Logarithms-Complex numbers Absolute value
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use the absolute value or modulus of complex numbers
90 Logarithms-Complex numbers Trigonometric form of a complex number
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will write complex numbers in trigonometric or polar form. This may also be known as mod-ard form.
91 Logarithms-Complex numbers Multiplication and division of complex numbers in trig form (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use the trig form of complex numbers for multiplication and division.
92 Logarithms-Complex numbers DeMoivre’s theorem (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use DeMoivre’s theorem to find powers of complex numbers in trig form.
93 Logarithms-Complex numbers The nth root of real and complex numbers (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will use DeMoivre’s theorem to find roots of complex numbers in trig form.
94 Logarithms-Complex numbers Fundamental theorem of algebra (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will recognise and use the fundamental theorem of algebra to find factors for polynomials with real coefficients over the complex number field.
95 Trig-reciprocal ratios Reciprocal ratios.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to identify and use the reciprocal trigonometric ratios of sine, cosine and tan, that is, the cosecant, secant and cotangent ratios.
96 Trig complementary angles Complementary angle results.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand how to establish the complementary angle results for the sine and cosine ratios and then how to use these results to solve trig equations.
97 Trig identities Trigonometric identities
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to simplify trigonometrical expressions and solve trigonometry equations using the knowledge of trig identities.
98 Trig larger angles Angles of any magnitude
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to find the trigonometric values of angles of any magnitude by assigning angles to the four quadrants of the circle.
99 Trig larger angles Trigonometric ratios of 0°, 90°, 180°, 270° and 360°
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will learn how to find the Trigonometric Ratios of 0, 90, 180, 270 and 360 degrees.
100 Graph sine Graphing the trigonometric ratios – I Sine curve.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will recognise and draw the sine curve exploring changes in amplitude and period.
101 Graph cosine Graphing the trigonometric ratios – II Cosine curve.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will know how to recognise and draw the cosine curve exploring changes in amplitude and period.
102 Graphs tan curve Graphing the trigonometric ratios – III Tangent curve.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will know how to recognise and draw the tan curve.
103 Graph reciprocals Graphing the trigonometric ratios – IV Reciprocal ratios.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will know how to recognise and draw the curves of the reciprocal ratios: cosec, sec and cot.
104 Trig larger angles Using one ratio to find another.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will find other trig ratios given one trig ratio and to work with angles of any magnitude.
105 Trig equations Solving trigonometric equations – Type I.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will solve simple trig equations with restricted domains.
106 Trig equations Solving trigonometric equations – Type II.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will solve trig equations with multiples of theta and restricted domains.
107 Trig equations Solving trigonometric equations – Type III.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will solve trig equations with two trig ratios and restricted domains.
108 Polar coordinates Plotting polar coordinates and converting polar to rectangular
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the polar coordinate system and relate this to the rectangular coordinate system.
109 Polar coordinates Converting rectangular coordinates to polar form
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand the polar coordinate system and report these from rectangular coordinates.
110 Polar coordinates Write and graph points in polar form with negative vectors (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be using negative angles and negative vector lengths.
111 Trigonometry Sin(A+B) etc sum and difference identities (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be using the reference triangles for 30, 45 and 60 degrees with the sum and difference of angles to find additional exact values of trigonometric ratios.
112 Trigonometry Double angle formulas (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will derive and use the double angle trig identities.
113 Trigonometry Half angle identities (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will derive and use the power reducing formulas and the half angle trig identities.
114 Trigonometry t Formulas (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will solve trig equations using the t substitution.
115 Calculus – Curve sketching Curve sketching
Objective: On completion of the Calculus lesson the student will be able to use the first and second derivatives to find turning points of a curve, identify maxima and minima, and concavity, then use this information to sketch a curve.
116 Calculus – Maxima minima Practical applications of maxima and minima
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to apply calculus to a suite of simple maxima or minima problems.
117 Calculus – Integration Integration – anti-differentiation, primitive function
Objective: On completion of the Calculus lesson the student will be able to use rules of integration to find primitives of some simple functions.
118 Calculus – Computation area Computation of an area
Objective: On completion of the Calculus lesson the student will be able to select an appropriate formula to calculate an area, re-arrange an expression to suit the formula, and use correct limits in the formula to evaluate an area.
119 Calculus – Computation volumes Computation of volumes of revolution
Objective: On completion of the Calculus lesson the student will know how to choose an appropriate volume formula, re-arrange an expression to suit the formula, and then calculate a result to a prescribed accuracy.
120 Calculus – Trapezoidal and Simpson’s rules The Trapezium rule and Simpson’s rule
Objective: On completion of the Calculus lesson the student will know how to calculate sub-intervals, set up a table of values, then apply the Trapezoidal Rule, or Simpson’s Rule to approximate an area beneath a curve.
121 Matrices Basic concepts – Matrices
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will have had an introduction to matrices
122 Matrices Addition and subtraction of matrices
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to recognise when addition and subtraction of matrices is possible, and perform these operations.
123 Matrices Scalar matrix multiplication
Objective: On completion of this lesson the student will be able to perform scalar multiplication of a matrix.
124 Matrices Multiplication of one matrix by another matrix
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to state whether matrix by matrix multiplication is possible, predict the order of the answer matrix, and then perform matrix by matrix multiplication.
125 Matrices Translation in the number plane
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to place ordered pairs into a matrix, then perform translation by addition using a transformation matrix, then extract ordered pairs from an answer matrix.
126 Matrices Translation by matrix multiplication
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to convert ordered pairs to elements of a matrix, multiply matrices together, where possible, and interpret the answer matrix on a number plane.
127 Transformations Special transformations – reflections, rotations and enlargements.
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to perform transformations: to rotate, reflect and change the size of various shapes and or points where applicable.
128 Vectors Vectors
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will be able to represent a vector in matrix and diagrammatic form, as well as add two vectors using matrices and/or a diagram.
129 Simultaneous equations Number of solutions (Stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson of the lesson the student will identify simultaneous equations that are consistent, inconsistent or the same.
130 Vectors 2 vector addition in 2 and 3D (stage 2)
Objective: On completion of the lesson the student will understand and use component forms for vector resolution.
131 Exam Exam – Year 12 – Specialist Mathematics Units 3 and 4
Objective: Exam